Architectural project

Students familiar with the fundamentals of urban planning and the relationship between use and architectural design will find this unit an in-depth introduction to the theoretical and methodological tools of urban renewal.
They will be invited to work on the real-life situation of a neighborhood or building complex confronted with issues of vulnerability. The focus will be as much on the field of architectural design (mechanics and methods, constructibility and materials), as on its “counter-field”, understood as the controversies and interplay of players accompanying urban transformation, as well as the effects on everyday spaces, for its inhabitants.

In line with the orientations of the LET laboratory (laboratoire espaces transformations), and in sharing with various local stakeholders, the aim is to learn by doing: by constructing and then submitting to citizen debate a reciprocal interrogation between strategic visions of urban development, and position statements in the form of concrete intervention proposals. The work process aims to question and deepen the links between 1/diagnosis, 2/programming and 3/designing, with the objective of becoming increasingly explicit, of knowing how to submit the path of reasoning to debate, of knowing how to listen to criticism and make it a driving force behind the project.

Continuous assessment 60%, final report 40%. 30% self-assessment.

The following will be assessed: responsibility for the approach taken, including the contact maintained throughout the semester with those involved in the field; the relevance, rigor and depth of theoretical and methodological choices; the suitability of the proposed spatial devices for the project situation, habitability, constructability and sustainability; the clarity of presentations and the graphic ability to represent (for non-architects), listening skills during exchanges and the ability to ́integrate critical feedback.

Interested students are invited to submit by September 26, 2025 to the teaching team via the following e-mail addresses:
merril.sineus@paris-lavillette.archi.fr
valentina.moimas@centrepompidou.fr
a message of approximately one A4 page (MAX) specifying their motivations for joining the course, as well as their previous pedagogical and/or professional experience in connection with participatory approaches (not necessarily only architectural).

BEYOND MODERNITY (PDLM) – EXTREME ASIA: Ulan Bator and Phnom Penh

——

By going “Beyond Modernity”, we propose to question ourselves collectively on the reasons, the supports and the effects of Modernity in its contemporary phase, which is that of excess and alienation… that of metropolization. This time of metropolization, which we shall endeavor to define precisely, feels to us like a vast sea of intranquillity on which it is often very difficult to find one’s bearings and to navigate beyond it. One way of doing this is to always try to “identify the effect of one’s own activity in its movement”, as François Billeter reminds us, to escape all determinism and fatalism, to produce resistance to the movement of things and to land on other shores. Our aim, then, is not to go geographically or historically beyond Modernity, but rather to go beyond it, to transgress its obstacle and land on other territories”.

O. Boucheron, April 2019

——

This in-depth project course is associated with international workshops in Ulan Bator (to be held in late September 2025) and Phnom Penh (to be held in February 2026). It precedes and anticipates the diploma supervision of the PFE02 unit, ‘PDLM – Retour d’Extrême Asie’. This two-semester association brings students face to face with a unique Asian urban situation, setting up genuine fieldwork in the ethnographic sense of the term. Each student must choose just one of the two proposed destinations when registering for these courses.

During the workshops, students will have the opportunity to develop their powers of observation, description and understanding, in order to produce a true knowledge of places and communities. Based on this work on the architectural devices, urban systems and social space of these two cities, they will take a stand and develop proposals and projects on different scales (that of the domestic, the neighborhood, the district in articulation with the rest of the city) and of different natures (grouped housing, buildings, revival of old buildings, landscapes…).

If we “move” students around a lot throughout the year, and they “come out” of architecture, they come out through architecture, and then come back to it. The architecture we defend …

… is that of moderns who are truly critical of all abstractions
… is (bio)climatic as with “the” Wrights, Frank-Lloyd and David
… can be found in the pages of Shelter
… has the human quality of Pier Paolo Pasolini’s cup of tea
… is that of Van de Velde and Horta versus that of Gropius
… is “situated” and negotiated like André Ravéreau’s
… is the one celebrated in ‘Housing by people’ by Jonh F.C. Turner
… it’s Ivan Illich’s ‘dwelling’ versus modern housing
… can be tropical, as Geoffrey Bawa’s gardens are designed to be.
… is made of materials from time immemorial and paleo-industrial techniques

——-

ENSAPLV teachers: Olivier Boucheron (architect-atelier nelobo/LAA), Louise Lepage (architect-APUR), Mina Saïdi-Sharouz (architect-anthropologist-LAA)
as well as Christiane Blancot (architect-urban planner), Benoît Jacquet (architect-EFEO Kyoto).

LANGUAGE OF TEACHING: French
LANGUAGE(S) OF COMMUNICATION: English, Spanish

For Phnom Penh

Work on approaching the city, a kind of first ‘remote fieldwork’, throughout the semester and in four phases/exercises:

– Bibliographical research, press reviews and thematic research on the city
– Historical cartography on QGis (Free and Open Source Geographical Information System)
– Architectural analyses (scholarly and popular Asian architecture) based on a scale model
– “Remote” architectural and urban project

For Ulan-Bator

Work on materials collected during the fieldwork and first phase of project proposals.

As the number of places in this course is limited (around 10 to 12 places for each workshop), we would like each student interested in this course to send us a short letter of motivation, explaining in particular his or her background and the themes he or she would like to tackle for his or her future Master’s thesis.

Applications should be sent to olivier.boucheron@paris-lavillette.archi.fr during the back-to-school selection week for Phnom Penh, and in June of the previous year for Ulan Bator.

For both trips, participating students benefit from a minimum of assistance from ENSAPLV (around 700 euros) towards the purchase of their plane ticket.

Phnom Penh:

APUR publications and archives:
– https://www.apur.org/fr/amenagement-urbain/planification/phnom-penh-centre
– https://archivesphotos.apur.org/

—–

Ulaanbaatar:

– Ulan Bator” in “Carnets de ville” on the Métropolitiques website: https://metropolitiques.eu/Carnets-de-villes-Oulan- Bator.html

– Rouaud C. and Sukhbaatar, A.: “Microdistrict n° 01, Oulan-Bator. Mutations systèmatiques d’un espace préfabriqué”, in Boucheron, O. Palumbo, M.A., “L’entre-deux barres, Une ethnographie de la transformation des ensembles de logements collectifs par leurs habitants”, PUSE, Saint-Etienne p. 248-279
– Boucheron O. and Palumbo, MA “Un entre-deux de la Modernité: Paysage de quartiers de logements collectifs à Hanoï et Oulan-Bator”, in V. D’Auria and B. de Meulder (eds.), Modernisme(s) approprié(s), CLARA, n°4, Mardaga, Bruxelles, 2013, pp.173-202
“Boucheron, O. and Hommage, L., La ville d’après. Etat et devenir d’un ger khoroolol à Ulaanbaatar”, in Taline Ter Minassian (ed.), Patrimoine et Architecture dans les Etats post-soviétiques, Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, coll. “Art et Société”, 2013, pp. 289-305
– Boucheron, O., “La ville de feutre”, in L’altérité, entre condition urbaine et condition du monde, Lieux Communs, les Cahiers du LAUA, n°12, Nantes, 2009, pp. 55-74.

TITLE TO CORRECT: Buildings and public spaces. Transformations of residential fabrics in the Paris region.

The workshop is devoted to the study of contemporary urban forms in relation to the territory, infrastructure, its evolution and its challenges in terms of the relationship between private and public space, designed space and lived space. The ground project is seen as the fundamental tool for imagining the transformations of the urbanized territories of Greater Paris.

Sequence 1 and 2: Group work. Continuous assessment and jury with guests
Sequence 3: Individual work. Continuous assessment and final jury with invited guests
Weekly attendance compulsory. Three unjustified absences will not validate the workshop.

Sequence 1 / diagnosis: All graphic and representational tools (drawings and models) are used to identify the objective data of the site, and to determine the subjective elements supporting the reflection. Thematic maps: 1:50,000 to 1:2,000. Landscape sections: 1/1000th to 1/100th
Sequence 2 / guide plan: Tracings and figures, 1/2000th. Sections: 1:500. Cutting: 1/2000th. Scale model 1/2000
Sequence 3 / fragment: Feasibility 1/500th. Public space 1/200th to 1/20th. Model 1/500th

General works
-BENEVOLO Leonardo, Histoire de la ville [Rome, 1975], Marseille, Parenthèses, 2004
-CHOAY Françoise and MERLIN Pierre (dir.), Dictionnaire de l’urbanisme et de l’aménagement, Paris, PUF, coll. “Quadrige dicos poche”, 2009.
-SEGAUD Marion, BRUN Jacques, DRIANT Jean-Claude, Dictionnaire critique de l’habitat et du logement, Paris, Armand Colin, 2003.
PANERAI Philippe, DEPAULE Jean-Charles, DEMORGON Marcelle, Analyse urbaine [1980], Marseille, Parenthèses, 1999.
-ROSSI Aldo, L’architecture de la ville, Paris, ed. l’Equerre , 1981.
Territory, metropolis
-GARNIER Tony, Une cité industrielle, Étude pour la construction des villes [collection of plates produced between 1899 and 1904], chez l’auteur, 1918-1919.
-RAGON Michel, Histoire mondiale de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme modernes, vol. 1: Idéologies et pionniers, 1800-1910, Paris, Casterman, 1971.
-CHOAY Françoise, L’Urbanisme, utopies et réalités: Une anthologie, Paris, Seuil, coll. “Points”, 1965.
Geomorphology of Parisian territory
-BLUMENFIELD Hervé, MONTILLET Philippe, PINON Pierre, Les Environs de Paris, Atlas des cartes du XVIe siècle à nos jours, Dominique Carré, 2018
-HUARD Michel, Atlas Historique de Paris, Persée, 2019.
-TELLIER Thibault, Histoire de la banlieue, Perrin, 2024.
Ville contemporaine, origines et perspectives
-BENEVOLO Leonardo, Histoire de la ville [Rome, 1975], Marseille, Parenthèses, 2004
-MUMFORD Lewis, La cité à travers l’histoire [1964], Marseille, Agone, 2011
-MANGIN David, La ville franchisée: formes et structures de la ville contemporaine, Paris, éditions de la Villette, 2004.
-PANERAI Philippe, CASTEX Jean, DEPAULE Jean-Charles, Formes urbaines. De l’Îlot à la barre [1977], Marseille, Parenthèses, 2009.
-POROTTO Alessandro, Le projet de logements collectifs à Vienne et Francfort. L’intelligence des formes, Genève, MétisPresses, 2019
-RAGON Michel, Histoire de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme modernes, Tome 1, 2 et 3, 2010.
-TAFURI Manfredo, DAL CO Francesco, Architecture contemporaine, Nancy, Berger-Levrault, 1982 [Electa, 1976].
-TELLIER Thibault, Le temps des HLM 1945-1975 : la saga urbaine des Trente glorieuses, Paris, Autrement, coll. “Mémoires/Culture, 2007.
UNWIN Raymond, Etude pratique des plans de villes [1909], Paris, L’Equerre, 1981.
Périmètres d’action et tracés territoriaux
-BELLANGER François, Habitat(s). Questions et hypothèses sur l’évolution de l’habitat, Paris, Éditions de l’Aube, 2000.
ELEB Monique, BENDIMERAD Sabri, Vu de l’intérieur, Habiter un immeuble en Ile-de-France, 1945-2010, Paris, Archibooks, 2011.
-LUCAN Jacques, Où va la ville aujourd’hui? : formes urbaines et mixités, Paris: Éditions de la Villette, 2012.
The inhabited city
-ALPHAND Adolphe, Les promenades de Paris, Paris, Rotschild, 1876-1873.
-EGGERS O.R., Sketches of Early American Architecture, New York, The American Architect, 1922.
-GROMORT Georges, Choix de plans de grandes compositions exécées présentant, avec leurs jardins ou leur entourage une série d’ensembles de l’Antiquité, de la Renaissance et des Temps modernes, Paris, 1964 [3rd ed.]
-Krier Rob, Architecture and Urban Project, Architectural Monographs, n°30, 1993.
-Letarouilly Paul, Edifices de Rome moderne, John Tiranti, 1840-1855.
-Tessenow Heinrich, Around the House [Hausbau und dergleichen, 1916], Lausanne, EPFL Press, 2019.
Espaces publics contemporains
-ALONZO ERIC, DU ROND-POINT AU GIRATOIRE, MARSEILLE, PARENTHESES, 2005
-HENRY PATRICK, DES TRACES AUX TRACES, POUR UN URBANISME DES SOLS, PARIS, EDITIONS APOGEE, 2022
-GEHL JAN, LIFE BETWEEN BUILDINGS, VAN NOSTRAND REINHOLD, NEW YORK 1987
-HUET BERNARD, TRE QUESTIONI A PROPOSITO DELLA FORMA URBANA , IN QUESTIONI DI FORMA… URBANA, A. BOSCHI and A. BONACCHI, FIRENZE 1999. REDUCED VERSION OF ESPACES PUBLICS, ESPACES RESIDUELS, OMAC EDITEUR, GIVORS 1992.
-JACOBS ALAN, GREAT STREETS, THE MIT PRESS, 1995
-JACOBS ALAN, THE BOULEVARD BOOK, THE MIT PRESS, 2001
-MANGIN DAVID, BOUDJENANE SORAYA, REZ-DE-VILLE, LA DIMENSION CACHEE DU PROJET URBAIN, PARIS, EDITIONS DE LA VILLETTE, 2023
-RASMUSSEN STEEN EILER, VILLES ET ARCHITECTURE, MARSEILLE, PARENTHESES, 2008 (1951).
Contemporary housing
-ARNOLD Françoise, Le logement collectif, Paris, Moniteur, 1996.
-ELEB Monique, DEBARRE Anne, L’Invention de l’habitation moderne, Paris 1880-1914, Bruxelles/Paris, Archives d’architecture moderne / Hazan, 1995.
-ELEB Monique and SIMON Philippe, Entre confort, désir et normes, Le Logement contemporain, 1995-2012, Bruxelles: Mardaga, 2013.
-FLAMAND Jean-Paul, Loger le peuple: essai sur l’histoire du logement social, Paris, La découverte, 2001 (1st ed. 1989).
-LUCAN Jacques, Habiter. Ville et architecture, Lausanne, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2021.
-MOLEY Christian, L’Immeuble en formation, genèse de l’habitat collectif et avatars intermédiaires, Liège, Mardaga, 1991.

LANGUAGE OF TEACHING: French
LANGUAGE(S) OF COMMUNICATION: French, English and Spanish.

The study program will be a sports facility, including a swimming pool, gym, yoga rooms, wellness areas, changing rooms, cafeteria, relaxation area…
The student will make proposals arising from the analysis of three existing projects.
Questions relating to architectural typology, the relationship with the city and the student imagination should be addressed.

This course will enable you to:
– develop critical methodological tools in line with contemporary urban issues,
– build a coherent, personalized project approach based on a critical reading of contextual and programmatic data,
– articulate analysis and design in an ongoing iterative dialogue,
– articulate different scales of intervention: architectural, spatial and furniture.

Lessons and corrections are weekly and compulsory.
Two juries are organized with external speakers.

– The scenography of a play in collaboration with the Théâtre de la Colline
– Various TDs on performance venues
– programmatic and urban analyses

The role of the scenographer has always been closely linked to architecture, since it consists in inventing and materializing the space and itinerary of the imaginary journey to which the theater, city or ceremony invites the spectator. Scenography offers a privileged field of study for the design of spaces intended to establish relationships between sender and receiver, extending the field of research to all designs for spaces intended for contact, exchange and representation. It regulates the spectator’s relationship to the work in a certain symbolic context.
To approach cultural facility projects with performance venues requires a knowledge of scenography, in order to imagine a place that is conducive to creation, starting from the tool itself and serving it.

Continuous control

– Set design for a play in collaboration with the Théâtre de la Tempête
– renovation and extension of the Sylvia Montfort theater

Selected bibliography:
Richard Sennett, Bâtir et Habiter, pour une éthique de la Ville, Albin Michel, 2019
Esther Mc Coy, Case study house (1945-1962), June 1977
Peter Cook, Experimental Architecture, Studio Vista London, 1970
Philippe Rahm, ” Histoire Naturelle de l’architecture “, comment le climat… “, Pavillon de l’Arsenal, Paris, 2020.
Florence Lipsky, “Le Climat”, Archiscopie magazine, autumn 2020
Augustin Rosenstiehl, ‘Capital agricole’, December 2019, Pavillon de l’Arsenal
Edward Mazria, Guide de la maison solaire, Editions Parenthèses, 2005
David Wright, Manuel d’Architecture Naturelle, Editions Parenthèses, 2006.
Peter Zumthor, Thinking architecture, Birkhauser, 2007
Peter Zumthor, Atmosphere, Birkhauser, 2007

The aim of this semester is to question the attitudes, impacts and issues involved in transforming human settlements, by understanding what damages them. The aim is to initiate a project approach capable of combining architecture, urban planning and landscape, i.e. to imagine and create critical articulations between the near and the far, between the assembly of two stones or two pieces of wood and a watershed, architectonics and the territory, the existence of human beings and the whole of the living world.

Above all, we need to become aware of the political, ethical and ecological impacts and responsibilities of our architectural gestures, so that they allow us to “give priority to the living in all things, to ‘do’ certainly, but to do less (or rather: to do as little as possible against and as much as possible with), to reduce actions and yet increase knowledge, to reacquaint ourselves (with the soil, with its peoples), to make room for the life that is being invented everywhere…”. (Macé, 2019: 48). In other words, to “garden pos-sibles. Taking care of what is whispered, what is tempted, what could come and is already coming: listening to it, letting it grow, supporting it. Imagining what is, imagining within what is. Start with what’s there, make use of it, expand it and let it dream” (ibid.).

This workshop, because it covers the last semester before the PFE, proposes to focus on the modes, forms and tools of inquiry implemented in the project process. Through inquiry, the aim is to learn to renew our ways of paying attention to existing situations, to what animates and abuses them. The challenge of project-based inquiry is to learn how to account for what anthropologist Anna Tsing calls “Our new nature” (2025).

The workshop offers the opportunity to experiment with project-based inquiry on a specific territory, but also aims to provide each participant with tried-and-tested inquiry tools with a view to the PFE.

Three milestones and a final jury will be used to evaluate the semester.

Each and every one of us will be asked to use the tools and objects that we feel are most appropriate to the people we are making visible or invisible. It is expected to embrace the multiplicity of scales through documents and models at a minimum of 1/25,000, 1/5,000, 1/200, 1/50, 1/20, 1/5.

By way of example, we can expect the following work and rendering elements:

Sequence 1
Large-scale collective drawing of the Ourcq, size 1m x 3m, based on a scale of 1:25,000
Method poster and feedback for each group

Sequence 2
Axonometry of existing structures + Narrative + Perspectival drawing A1 + 10 core drillings at 1/10 scale + Assembly model + Perspectival cross-section down to the Ourcq river

Sequence 3
All three sequences together
Large collective drawing of the Ourcq, size 1m x 3m, based on a scale of 1:25,000
Narrative + axonometry of existing buildings
Axonometry of projects + perspective drawing A1 + 10 core samples 1/10 + perspective section down to the Ourcq
Set of documents chosen by the students.e.s: General model 1/200 + 5-10 extracts 1/33, plans, sections and facades 1/50, facade extract and section 1/20, 1 exterior A2 sketch, 1 perceptive section 1/50

Descola Philipe, Par-delà nature et culture, Paris, Gallimard, 2005
Liboiron Max, Polluer c’est coloniser, Paris, Editions Amsterdam, 2024
Macé Marielle, Nos cabanes, Lagrasse, Verdier, 2019
Tsing Anna Lowenhaupt, Le champignon de la fin du monde, Sur les possibilités de vivre dans les ruines du capitalisme, Paris, La Découverte, 2017
Tsing Anna Lowenhaupt “dir”, Notre nouvelle nature, Guide de terrain de l’Anthropocène, Paris, Seuil, 2025

GENERAL THEMATICS: Environment(s), architecture and landscape.
PROJECT IN S9: Architecture and Environment

Based on the premise that human beings need a suitable environment in which to live and work, the workshop’s ambition is to design new worlds in which people live in harmony with their local surroundings.

The teaching aims to :
the conception of the architectural, urban and landscape project, through its ecological dimension and the creation of sustainable architecture,
– the radical nature of the project, through the development of a critical mindset relating to the environmental challenges of the 21st century,
– the coherence of the project as a whole. This is achieved by manipulating different scales in a non-linear process.

The living environment(s) we study are composed of living and non-living organisms, embodying the interaction between man and nature, the biological and the social. This implies a multi-criteria design process.
The project is therefore not limited to the program and its site, but opens up to its environment.

You will have to design the project in a sustainable and frugal approach, by manipulating:
-climatic data (wind, sun, rain)
-natural resources (water, nature and its earth),
-frugal facade envelopes that perform well in terms of comfort.

TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONSTRUCTED SITUATION

The site is both a potential landscape to be developed and existing architecture with a future use. A building from the 70s (one of whose main components is a wooden structure), is present on the site, and awaiting a new identity and use.
Key words: reversibility, new use, shelter, economy of means and materials.

THE PROJECT

The projects will respond to the concern for better living on a campus.
Reflections will focus on creating a landscaped site totally dedicated to campus life, and proposing the most appropriate architectural form, with reference to half-closed-half-open architectures, based on their ability to adapt to the surrounding environment, capable and adaptable spaces that you think of as external extensions. With no preconceived ideas, the aim is to open up new perspectives, to generate a new inhabited site, at the service of students and people working on this campus.

From the notion of environment, architectural design is based on:
-the creation of micro-climates,
-the creation of capable and adaptable spaces.
Architectural thinking starts from the minimal space, whose external extensions you will consider.
-university lifestyles that influence spatiality.

THEORETICAL COURSES

The courses guide your research during the project.
In the form of cross-curricular discussions with students, they introduce you to:
– the contemporary world (the ethics of returning to the land, biodiversity, living and cultivating, etc.),
– Japanese spatiality, which contributes to “relearning how to live outside”, with its half-open, half-closed forms.
– building culture (Case Study house, Eames), which combines the search for volumetric simplicity with constructive optimization (Cedric Price, Glenn Murcutt).

ATTENDANCE IS MANDATORY AT ALL SESSIONS.
Continuous assessment + intermediate reports + final jury.

Graphic representation plays a major role in the project, because
it is inseparable from the architect’s vision, and from the relationship between territory and project.
There is a correlation between the “way of thinking” and the “way of representing”.
As a result, the expected documents are the subject of a course on representation
and of precise indications, in accordance with the graphic charter.
The production of models at different scales is an integral part of the assignment.

Formats and graphic elements are listed before each intermediate assignment.
Renderings are done individually and/or in sub-groups.

Selected bibliography :
Canal architecte, Patrick Rubin, transformation of built situations, reversible construction, 2020
Canal architecte, Patrick Rubin, evolutionary architecture, 2022
Esther Mc Coy, Case study house (1945-1962), June 1977
Peter Cook, Experimental Architecture, Studio Vista London, 1970
Florence Lipsky, “Le Climat”, Archiscopie magazine, autumn 2020
Edward Mazria, Guide de la maison solaire, Editions Parenthèses, 2005
Philippe Rahm, “Histoire Naturelle de l’architecture”, Comment le climat…, Pavillon de l’Arsenal, Paris, 2020.
Augustin Rosenstiehl, ‘Agricultural Capital’, December 2019, Pavillon de l’Arsenal
Richard Sennett, Bâtir et Habiter, pour une éthique de la Ville, Albin Michel, 2019
David Wright, Manuel d’Architecture Naturelle, Editions Parenthèses, 2006.
Peter Zumthor, Thinking architecture, Birkhauser, 2007
Peter Zumthor, Atmosphere, Birkhauser, 2007

A GLOBAL PROBLEM, A LOCAL SOLUTION, between theory and practice.

The aim of this workshop is to study and draw inspiration from the City in Transition movement, while at the same time criticizing it, and to illustrate this possible transformation of all the spaces in a specific area. This year, the focus will be on the challenges facing the city of Massy (91), in terms of thinking and organizing the territory’s evolution. The town of Massy is representative of the areas of the Paris region that have undergone urban sprawl, following logics independent of its own. Today, it finds itself in a territorial position of connections via infrastructures and societal offerings that are particularly interesting in terms of the challenges of ecological transition.

Our approach will therefore be :
– to understand a system or a problem as a whole,
– to observe how the parts of a system are connected,
– to repair failing systems, by applying ideas learned from sustainable, mature, functioning systems,
– to learn from functioning natural systems in order to rethink the relationship between human beings and ecosystems, the places in which they have settled and which they have damaged with their agricultural and urban systems, most of the time through lack of knowledge and ethics.

The principles of the City in Transition will be analyzed and critiqued, exploring their potential for recomposing architecture, the city and the landscape, from the territorial scale to that of the individual building, envisaging the project as an illustration of the possibilities of these territories.

The definition of a collective strategy is not specifically graded. It is assessed as a bonus/malus in the final assessment of the semester.

The work produced is presented to juries, where comments and advice are given. This phase is an essential part of the semester’s continuous assessment process, and weights the mark given by the end-of-semester jury, which is linked to the individual phase.

Students are assessed on their ability to take individual responsibility for the construction of collective knowledge, to work in small groups (4 to 5 people), and to develop an architectural and urban project individually.

Sessions are held weekly, and the emphasis is on coherence between project thinking and its graphic and oral expression, resulting in a project that demonstrates a real capacity for argumentative proposition. The workshop is organized in the form of correction/debate sessions between the students themselves and the teaching staff. A survey of the work area will be carried out with the teachers at the beginning of the semester.

Presented at the beginning of the workshop and completed during the semester. An online file is available with various documents on the study site, and the intervention on the existing site.

Urban architecture, a dialogue between city and nature:
The aim is to overcome the opposition between city and nature, between architecture and landscape. The transformation of mentalities that will enable us to break with the alienation of urban dwellers from nature requires the invention of a new architecture and a new ecology capable of transforming the present-day city. We therefore need to learn to work on the basis of urbanized neighborhoods posing a variety of problems, rather than advocating a one-size-fits-all utopia (towers in nature, the garden city, ecological housing estates).

Continuous assessment: 50% and final exam: 50%.

A small number of seminar sessions will be devoted to establishing a design working method.

BENOIT J., SAUREL G., BILLET M., BOUGRAIN F. and LAURENCEAU S. REPAR#2. Le réemploi, passerelle entre architecture et industrie. Report. Paris, ADEME, 2018

BLAKE P. Form follows fiasco. Little, Brown and Company, USA, 1983

DAVID Eric DAVID Stéphanie and GANGAROSSA Laurie, L’art d’accommoder les restes. Lyon, Editions Deux cent cinq, 2024

ENCORE HEUREUX ARCHITECTES (eds.) Matière grise. Matériaux/Réemploi/ Architecture. Paris, Éditions B2, Pavillon de l’Arsenal, 2014

FRAMPTON K. Studies in Tectonic Culture, The Poetics of Construction in Nineteenth and Tweentieth Century Architecture. Cambridge (MA), The MIT Press, 1995

FORD E. R. The Architectural Detail. New York, Princeton Architectural Press, 2011

GHYOOT M., DEVLIEGER L., BILLET L. and WARNIER A. Deconstruction and reuse. Comment faire circuler les éléments de construction. Lausanne, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2018

HUYGEN J-M La poubelle et l’architecte. Vers le réemploi des matériaux, Arles, Actes Sud collection L’impensé, 2008

ROLLOT M, Décoloniser l’architecture, Paris, Le Passager clandestin, 2024

SIMAY P. Bâtir avec ce qui reste, Quelles ressources pour sortir de l’extractivisme? Paris, Terre Urbaine, collection L’Esprit des villes, 2024

SIMONNET C. L’Architecture ou la fiction constructive. Paris, Éditions de la Passion, 2001

The aim is for students to acquire the foundations of real expertise in a field: the rehabilitation-restructuring of ordinary residential heritage, which represents a growing professional outlet for young architects.

Regular progress of studies, relevance of analyses, consistency and quality of final project in relation to objectives.

The project, apprehended at multiple scales, both urban and detailed, will be developed through morphological and constructive studies of existing buildings, culminating in detailed plans and large-scale models.
A contribution from teachers in the STA field will therefore be welcome, both on structural issues and on energy rehabilitation.

Doyon Georges, Hubrecht Robert, Architecture rurale et bourgeoise en France, Vincent, Fréal et Cie, 1969
Frédet Jacques, Les Maisons de Paris : Types courants de l’architecture mineure parisienne, L’Encyclopédie des Nuisances, 2003
Frédet Jacques, Les enseignements hygrothermiques des bâtiments d’habitation préindustriels, in d’Architectures n°207, avril 2012
Frédet Jacques, Architecture : Mettre en forme et composer, 13 volumes, Éditions de la Villette, 2018-2019
Frédet Jacques, Guide du diagnostic de structures dans les bâtiments d’habitation anciens, Éditions du Moniteur, 2018
Graf Franz, Marino Giulia, Les dispositifs du confort dans l’architecture du 20e siècle: connaissance et stratégie de sauvegarde, Ed. PPUR, 2016
Graf Franz, Histoire matérielle du bâti et projet de sauvegarde, Ed. PPUR, 2014
Gueissaz Philippe, Steinmann Martin, Zurbruchen Bernard, Le Patrimoine habité, Cahier de Théorie 9, Ed. PPUR
Marchand Bruno, Joud Christophe, Surélévations, conversations urbaines, inFolio, 2018

RESSOURCES RURALES
An off-the-wall workshop in CLUSES 74

This workshop brings together two studios (S7 and S9) from the same field of study. This approach makes it possible to pool means and resources around an off-site workshop, bringing in a plurality of viewpoints.

PREVIOUS WORK: https://www.calameo.com/accounts/7775670

1.PEDAGOGICAL OBJECTIVES

Context. Faced with today’s ecological, economic and societal changes, rural areas are the focus of tomorrow’s challenges. While the artificialization of agricultural and natural land has continued at a steady pace for several decades, we are paradoxically witnessing the desertification of town centers, a deterioration in the quality of life, and the decline of public services. This dual trend of urban sprawl versus desertification is accompanied by the brutal development of bypass infrastructures and industrial estates, in stark contrast to the patient, reasoned evolution of a human settlement in harmony with its natural resources. At the same time, rising real estate prices in urban centers and a growing awareness of the preciousness of rural areas are foreshadowing a renewed interest in rural communities.
These paradigm shifts in rural areas demonstrate the need for in-depth attention to anticipate short-, medium- and long-term challenges.

Setting the scene. Through a partnership between ENSAPLV and the town of Cluses (74), a 4-day “Atelier Hors les Murs” at the beginning of the semester puts students in direct contact with the players involved (residents, elected representatives, architects and landscape architects, CAUE, ABF).
This year, we propose to study the town of CLUSES. The aim is to freely question pre-existing situations, through a phase of diagnosis and detailed understanding of the existing situation, as well as the formulation of a problematic that will serve as the basis for concrete explorations of projects, developed down to architectural detail.

Restitution and dissemination. At the end of the semester, a jury and a restitution of the work carried out is planned in the form of a publication and a travelling exhibition. This phase of dissemination extends the dialogue initiated and the questions raised, and which we hope will find continuities and bridges with other fields or subsequent developments.

-The workshop is designed to accommodate a maximum of 40 students. Students must be highly motivated, assiduously committed and predisposed to teamwork (collective coordination and development of projects in pairs or trios). An interest in issues related to working with existing structures, and an ability to produce models, are imperative.
-Participation in the Hors Les Murs workshop is compulsory (accommodation and transport costs will be covered by the School and the town of Cluses) – from OCTOBER 22 to 25, 2025 (to be confirmed).
-Compulsory weekly presentation to the whole studio, with systematic use of physical models and geometric drawings as exploration tools.
-Intermediate juries attended by external speakers (collective workshop discussion).
-Final jury at ENSAPLV in the presence of elected representatives and external speakers

-The workshop is designed to accommodate a maximum of 40 students. Students must be highly motivated, assiduously committed and predisposed to teamwork (collective coordination and development of projects in pairs or trios). An interest in issues related to working with existing structures, and an ability to produce models, are imperative.
-Participation in the Hors Les Murs workshop is compulsory (accommodation and transport costs will be covered by the School and the town of Cluses) – from OCTOBER 22 to 25, 2025 (to be confirmed).
-Compulsory weekly presentation to the whole studio, with systematic use of physical models and geometric drawings as exploration tools.
-Intermediate juries attended by external speakers (collective workshop discussion).
-Final jury at ENSAPLV in the presence of elected representatives and external speakers

Languages :

The workshop is held in French, with the possibility of discussion in English.
– Intermediate knowledge of French is required for discussions with elected representatives, local residents, partners, etc.

Scales of reuse

This project workshop explores the multiscalar dimension of reuse architecture, addressing the multiple dimensions of architectural design: constructive, programmatic, symbolic, aesthetic, thermal and spatial. This exploration is envisaged on the scale of the building – maintenance, rehabilitation, restructuring, reversibility, transformation -, on the scale of the material – repair, reuse, reutilization, assembly – and on the scale of a territory – flows, channels, land.
This approach aims to strengthen students’ material culture by questioning the boundaries between the notions of matter, material, construction product and building component, and by approaching the architectural project process on the scale of the component and its capacity to be assembled.

Beyond a technical and materialist approach to the act of building, the notion of reuse architecture is based on a narrative of construction and materiality through design work that extends from the scale of detail to that of the building and its urban integration.

In particular, it explores the architectural consequences of repair, maintenance and deconstructibility, as well as strategies for diverting use and extending lifespan. The constructive storytelling of reuse also aims to reinterrogate the notion of heritage, broadening its scope from buildings to the materials that make them up.

Evaluation method
– Group and sub-group interactive corrections (continuous assessment 50%)
– Final rendering (50%)

Evaluation criteria
– Active participation in group corrections
– Ability to collaborate and conduct constructive criticism in the workshop
– Involvement and progress during the semester
– Coherence and relevance of architectural proposals in relation to workshop themes
– Quality of deliverables and architectural representation

Short exercise:
– Designing a component of a reused structure: geometrical drawings and 1/10 scale model,
– Architectural and landscape integration, geometrical drawings and 1/50 scale collective model
– Design notebook analyzing the stages in the reuse process

Long exercise:
Architectural, urban and heritage diagnosis of a building:
– Plans, sections, elevations from 1/200th to 1/50th,
– Surveys and details to 1/20th,
– Architectural, urban and constructive analysis diagrams
– Documentary research and restitution
– Diagnosis of resources with a view to reuse
– Drafting of an architectural program

Architectural project:
– Plans, sections, elevations from 1/200th to 1/50th,
– Details from 1/5th to 1/10th
– Architectural, urban and construction analysis diagrams
– Model from 1/200th to 1/100th
– Detail model from 1/10th to 1/33rd

BENOIT J., SAUREL G., BILLET M., BOUGRAIN F. and LAURENCEAU S. REPAR#2. Le réemploi, passerelle entre architecture et industrie. Report. Paris, ADEME, 2018

BLAKE P. Form follows fiasco. Little, Brown and Company, USA, 1983

DAVID Eric DAVID Stéphanie and GANGAROSSA Laurie, L’art d’accommoder les restes. Lyon, Editions Deux cent cinq, 2024

ENCORE HEUREUX ARCHITECTES (eds.) Matière grise. Matériaux/Réemploi/ Architecture. Paris, Éditions B2, Pavillon de l’Arsenal, 2014

FRAMPTON K. Studies in Tectonic Culture, The Poetics of Construction in Nineteenth and Tweentieth Century Architecture. Cambridge (MA), The MIT Press, 1995

FORD E. R. The Architectural Detail. New York, Princeton Architectural Press, 2011

GHYOOT M., DEVLIEGER L., BILLET L. and WARNIER A. Deconstruction and reuse. Comment faire circuler les éléments de construction. Lausanne, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2018

HUYGEN J-M La poubelle et l’architecte. Vers le réemploi des matériaux, Arles, Actes Sud collection L’impensé, 2008

ROLLOT M, Decolonizing architecture, Paris, Le Passager clandestin, 2024

SIMAY P. Bâtir avec ce qui reste, Quelles ressources pour sortir de l’extractivisme? Paris, Terre Urbaine, collection L’Esprit des villes, 2024

SIMONNET C. L’Architecture ou la fiction constructive. Paris, Éditions de la Passion, 2001

Key words:

Project economics, economy of means, circular economy, territorial economy, reuse, housing, equipment, urban strategies, architecture, concrete architecture, representation ….

Presentation:

At a time when contemporary architecture is increasingly seen as a commodity, the “REAAC. Recherches économiques appliquées à l’architecture contemporaine” project studio is interested in exploring the relationships that gravitate between architectural production and its economic dimension. To this end, the studio explores the possibility of architectural design, taking as its starting point the economic question as a formal producer, and its material and usage dimensions.
If we analyze the history of architecture over the last century, we can see a striking consistency between the dominant economic model, market demand, its production model, social value, architectural production and the innovations developed by our society. Economic issues increasingly condition our lives as citizens and our practice as architects. They become an indispensable thermometer influencing our judgment and design choices. They enable us to be credible in architectural production, where any discourse based solely on composition or a certain formal aesthetic rings increasingly hollow. The aim is to make students aware of this fact by designing an architectural project in which the various economic aspects are taken as the starting point for its conception, and not as a subject to be dealt with later. This posture will be as open as possible, in order to bring out the intelligence of the project and its relevance within the socio-economic mechanisms of the fabrication of space. It won’t be a question of creating a thrifty project, nor of “costing” a building (unless you deem it necessary). Rather, we’re interested in understanding how quality in architecture is often linked to the economic dimension of the project (in the broadest sense of the term), and in defining the intrinsic conditions of necessity for each project. The more defined the mastery of constructive systems, resources or uses, the more obvious it becomes to conceive of an experimental posture. All the best examples in our field teach us this. In the end, this framework enables us to take an interest in the formal question, not as an aesthetic act, but as the construction of a critical thought process.

In order to gain an awareness of the subject in all its aspects, this year we’ll be looking at the design of a mixed-use program combining housing and public facilities. These mixed-use programs are playing an increasingly central role in the identification of contemporary territory. Their urban situation, their relationship to the already existing and the economic model that derives from them need to be reconsidered in depth. Imagine a mixed-use building not as a simple exchange value, but as an element that can be sustainably integrated into the socio-economic fabric of a city. To this end, we are interested in identifying what is strictly necessary for a building to “work”.

The studio’s work is based on exploring the possibility of designing an architectural project (by rehabilitating, elevating or rebuilding) that takes into account the specifics of a commission, a program and questions the conceptual and operational tools for its projection.
The aim of the proposed studio is to confront students with an extremely contemporary issue (the economy in the manufacture of space) that highlights the mechanisms of architectural and urban design in all its facets. The aim is to encourage them to take a stand, as architects, on this issue through relevant and feasible architectural proposals. The aim is to consider and critique situations typical of ordinary production, architecture and the city, and then use these skills to formulate alternative proposals in the form of an architectural project. It seems possible to reclaim this conceptual void, and the working group set up by the master’s studio can contribute to this by drawing up a critical reading and formulating concrete proposals. Particular attention will be paid to the material dimension of architectural design, its representation and implementation.

The project sites are renewed each year, and are chosen on the basis of their development needs and their urban and architectural relevance. Each student – in groups for the masters and then individually – will be free to choose their problem and their site of intervention (within the city of action).

The 2025-2028 cycle will explore the theme of the financialization of contemporary real estate. For the 2025-2026 academic year, the focus will be on development projects, with particular attention paid to the Ivry Confluence study site.
This area, located at the gateway to Paris, is of particular interest to us because of its urban evolution and socio-economic transformations. Current urban and economic policies are contributing to profound changes in the city and its environment. In our view, this situation concentrates a multitude of questions likely to fuel future projects.
We will examine the urban fabric as well as current and future projects, from an open perspective aimed at redefining the city in the making, particularly on the bangs of Paris. The project work will be carried out in close collaboration with several local partners.

The semester will be validated in three ways:
# General approach: weekly work, participation in teaching activities, project progress, presentation at intermediate juries.
# Collective intelligence: presentations and debates at “architects’ cafés” (10%)
# Long project: intermediate jury 1 (15%), intermediate jury 2 (25%), final jury (50%).

BOOKS

Robert Venturi, Steven Izenouri, Denise Scott Brown, Learning from Las Vegas (MIT Press), 1964
-Robert Venturi, Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, New York, 1966
-Team 10 Meetings 1953-1981, Rizzoli, 1991
-Bruno Latour, Nous n’avons jamais été modernes. Essai d’anthropologie symétrique. Paris (La découverte),
1991
-Carol Willis, Form Follows Finance (Princenton Architectural Press) 1995
-Rem Koolhaas, Conversation with students. New York (Princeton Architectural Press), 1996.
-Pierre Bourdieu, Les Structures sociales de l’économie (Seuil) 2000.
-Moving from the crisis to sustainability. Emerging issues in the international context, (Franco Angeli), 2001
– Olle Eksell. Design=ekonomi.
– Roberto Gargiani, Giovanni Fanelli, Histoire de l’architecture moderne, 2008, Presses Polytechniques Romandes
– PIer Vittorio Aureli, Less is Enough: On Architecture and Asceticism, 2014, Strelka Press
– David Harvey, Le capitalism contre le droit à la ville, 2011, Ed. Amsterdam
– Laurent Davezies, La crise qui vient, 2012, Ed du Seuil
– Pierre Veltz, L’économie désirable, 2021, Ed du Seuil
– Arnaud Pautet, Les défis du capitalisme, 2021, Ed. Dunod
– Jacques Lucan, Habiter Ville et architecture, 2021, EPFL PRESS
– Jacques Lucan, Composition, non-composition, 2009, Presses Polytechniques et Universitaires Romandes (PPUR)
– Jacques Lucan,Précisions sur un état présent de l’architecture, 2015, Presses Polytechniques et Universitaires Romandes (PPUR)
– Robert Venturi, De l’ambiguïté en architecture, (authorized translation of the work published in English under the title Complexity and contradiction in Architecture by The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1966). Paris Bordas 1976.
– Marc Bedarida, Fernand Pouillon. Paris, Editions du patrimoine/Centre des monuments nationaux, 2012. 208p
– Eric Lapierre, Economy of Means, how architecture works. Lisbon Architecture Triennale, The Poetics of reasons. Lisbon, Poligrafa, 135p.
– Gilles Plum, The architecture of reconstruction. Edition Nicolas Chaudun, October 2011. 287p.
Team 10 Meetings 1953-1981, Rizzoli, 1991
-Bruno Latour, Nous n’avons jamais été modernes. Essai d’anthropologie symétrique. Paris (La découverte),1991
-Carol Willis, Form Follows Finance (Princenton Architectural Press) 1995
-Rem Koolhaas, Conversation with students. New York (Princeton Architectural Press), 1996.
– Pierre Bourdieu, Les Structures sociales de l’économie (Seuil) 2000.
-Moving from the crisis to sustainability. Emerging issues in the international context, (Franco Angeli), 2001
– Simplifions, Bernard QUIROT, Edition Cosa Mentale
– Pierre Caye, Durer, 2020, Ed Les Belles Lettres

WEB

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgurPuhAZGw and t=8s
What future for architecture? Economy of means versus new economy . Conference January 14, 2020, Cité de l’architecture et du patrimoine Paris. Debate with architects : Stéphanie Bru Bruther, Anne Démians, Éric Lapierre ÉLEx, Umberto Napolitano LAN, Moderation Francis Rambert. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKybvRI6-bg and t=577s
What future for architecture? New contexts, new paradigms? Conference October 17, 2020, Cité de l’architecture et du patrimoine Paris. Debate with architects : Odile Decq; Gilles Delalex, MUOTO; Nicolas Dorval-Bory ; Valentine Guichardaz Versini, Atelier Rita ; Philippe Rahm, Modération Francis Rambert. https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/video/quel-futur-pour-larchitecture-nouveaux-contextes-nouveaux-paradigmes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgurPuhAZGw and t=8s
Eric Lapierre’s conference on the banal and the ordinary:
http://www.tvk.fr/office/teaching-and-lectures/tvk-invite-eric-lapierre
https://www.citedelarchitecture.fr/fr/video/ikea-classicisme-andre-kempe-atelier-kempe-thill-rotterdam
David Harvey at The Future is Public conference in Amsterdam:

The aim of the project unit is:
-To bring students face to face with an existing building: the aim is to develop a project by assessing the potential for extending, heightening or rehabilitating the building studied, in relation to a precise program and an urban, cultural or economic context.
-To enable them to mobilize their technical knowledge at the right moment in the development of the project, in order to become aware that technical devices play a part in the exact definition of the architectural object.
-Assess the relevance of their construction choices at every stage of the project, always focusing on the relationship between architecture, construction requirements and technical culture.
-Develop their project at different scales, right through to the choice of materials, design and representation of details.

final render